| Titles:
Professor, CCM, Anesthesiology and Pediatrics
Contact:
Email: kochanekpm@ccm.upmc.edu
Degrees:
POST GRADUATE EDUCATION
INSTITUTION AND LOCATION |
DEGREE |
YEAR |
FIELD |
| University of Chicago, Chicago, IL |
MD |
1980 |
Medicine |
| Residency: |
|
| University of California, San Diego, CA |
Resident |
1983 |
Pediatrics |
Fellowship:
|
|
| Children’s Hospital National Medical Center, Washington
DC |
Fellow |
1986 |
Pediatrics |
| Board Certifications: |
Year |
Diplomate, American Board of Pediatrics, #32806
|
1985 |
| American Board of Pediatrics Sub-board of Pediatric
Critical Care Medicine, #0081 |
1987 |
| American Board of Pediatrics Sub-board of Pediatric
Critical Care Medicine, Recertification |
1995 |
| American Board of Pediatrics Sub-board of Pediatric
Critical Care Medicine, Recertification |
2002 |
Administrative Title:
- 2002 – present, Professor, University
of Pittsburgh School Professor of Medicine Department of Pediatrics,
Pittsburgh, PA
- 2002 – present, Professor, University
of Pittsburgh School Professor of Medicine Department of Anesthesiology,
Pittsburgh, PA
- 1992 - present, Director,
Pediatric Critical Care Research, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh,
One Children's Place, Pittsburgh, PA
Major Honors/Awards:
- 1996 - 1997 Cited in Who’s Who in
America
- 1997 Educational Scholarship
Society of Critical Care Medicine
(Research mentor to Dr. Michael Bell)
- 1997 Young Investigator’s Award
Society for Neurosurgical Anesthesiology and Critical Care
(Research mentor to Dr. Elizabeth Sinz)
- 1997 Poster Award Finalists
Neurotrauma Society of Medicine
(Research mentor to Dr. Michael Bell)
- 1998 The American Board of Pediatrics
Sub-Board in Pediatric Critical Care Medicine
- 1998 Taubin Lecture, Children’s National
Medical Center, Washington, DC
- 1998 SCCM In-Training Fellow Award
Society of Critical Care Medicine
(Research mentor to Dr. Michael Bell)
- 1999 Women in Neurotrauma Award
National Neurotrauma Society
(Research Mentor to Dr. Kimberly Statler)
- 2000 Educational Scholarship
Society of Critical Care Medicine
(Research mentor to Dr. Randall Ruppel)
- 2000 Educational Scholarship
Society of Critical Care Medicine
(Research mentor to Dr. Kimberly Statler)
- 2000 Educational Scholarship
Society of Critical Care Medicine
(Research co-mentor to Dr. Yong Han)
- 2000 Jr. Investigator of the Year
Women in Neurotrauma Award
National Neurotrauma Society
(Research Mentor to Dr. Kimberly Statler)
- 2001 Nominated, Pittsburgh Men and Women of
the Year Award (in Science and Medicine),
Vectors of Pittsburgh
- 2001 Educational Scholarship
Society of Critical Care Medicine
(Research co-mentor to Dr. Hülya Bayir)
- 2001 Editor-in Chief, Pediatric Critical Care
Medicine
- 2001 Fellow Clinical Research Award, Society
for Pediatric Research
(Research co-mentor to Dr. Hülya Bayir)
- 2001 Ambulatory Pediatric Association Fellows
Award, The Ambulatory Pediatric
Association (Research co-mentor to Dr. Rachel Berger)
- 2001 Cited in America’s Top Doctors,
1st Edition
Castle Connolly Medical Ltd.
- 2002 Cited in Who’s Who in America
- 2002 Neuroscience Specialty Award
Society of Critical Care Medicine
- 2002 Distinguished Service Award
Society of Critical Care Medicine
- 2002 Scientific Award
Society of Critical Care Medicine
(Research mentor to Dr. Hülya Bayir)
- 2002 Vice-Chairman
Department of Critical Care Medicine
Safar Center for Resuscitation Research
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- 2002 Cited in Best Doctors in America, and
Pittsburgh Magazine
- 2002 Asmund S. Laerdal Memorial Lecturer
- 2002 Pfizer Professorship,
University of Illinois Dept. of Pediatrics
Research Grants:
| Title |
Source of Support |
R49/CCR310285-03 Marion (PI) 09/01/98 – 08/31/03
Quinolinic Acid in Cerebrospinal Fluid Early After Severe Head
Injury in Victims
This project takes advantage of the natural time course of the
inflammatory response to traumatic brain injury, namely, macrophage
infiltration into the brain, to provide insight into the timing
of injury in victims of the shaken baby syndrome. To this end,
quinolinic acid, a macrophage product is quantified in cerebrospinal
fluid samples from infants and children with severe traumatic
brain injury.
Role: Co-PI |
CDC |
DAMD17-01-2-0038 Safar (PI) 09/15/98 – 9/14/03
Study I: To maximize resuscitability in dogs from traumatic
Exs CA of 60 min to CA of 120 min no-flow.
Study II: To help increase feasibility of SA induction in the
field by tests in dogs.
Study III: To start exploring the limits of resuscitability
during prolonged clinical death in rats in a systematic basic
science plot project to identify chemical markers and histologic
markers of cell death during CA without reperfusion, by focusing
on mitochondria in brain and other vital organs under various
temperatures.
Role: Co-PI |
U.S. Army Medical Research & Materiel Command |
RO1 NS38620-02 Clark (PI) 04/01/99 – 03/31/03
Caspase-Mediated Neuronal Death After Head Injury
Caspase activation is the first committed step in the programmed-cell
death cascade, a tightly regulated sequence of cellular and
molecular events that systematically leads to the death of a
cell. Specific aims will: 1) characterize the temporal, regional,
cellular and subcellular expression and activity of Caspase-3
using a rat model that mimics severe human TBI, 2) examine the
upstream regulation of caspases by cytosolic Cytochrome c and
nitric oxide after severe TBI in rats and mice, 3) test the
effects of several pharmacologic caspase inhibitors on neuropathologic
and functional outcome after severe TBI in rats, 4) examine
the expression of other caspases after severe TBI in rats, and
5) examine the expression of currently identified caspases after
severe TBI in humans.
Role: Co-PI |
NIH |
T32-GM-08516-04 Billiar (PI) 07/01/99 – 06/30/04
Training in Trauma and Sepsis Research
In this training grant, surgical fellows are trained in research
specifically related to cellular and molecular aspects of trauma
and sepsis.
Role: Principal Trainer |
NIH/NIGMS |
RO1 NS38087-01 Kochanek (PI) 08/02/99 - 7/31/03
Adenosine in Traumatic Brain Injury
Adenosine is a purine nucleotide that acts as a powerful endogenous
neuroprotectant during ischemia-induced energy failure by decreasing
neuronal metabolism and increasing cerebral blood flow (CBF),
among other mechanisms. Two strategies to achieve this are particularly
relevant to TBI and this application, namely, 1) the inhibition
of adenosine metabolism or 2) the local administration of adenosine
analogs. Defining four specific aims, we will use an established
rat model of TBI and applying cerebral microdialysis, contemporary
MRI tools, functional outcome testing, and histology, we will
first determine the magnitude of the adenosine response (brain
interstitial levels of adenosine and purine degradation products)
to experimental TBI. We will then examine effects of augmenting
adenosine effects both on key mechanisms of secondary damage
and both functional and histopathological outcome. Finally,
we will bridge bench to bedside by using cerebral micro dialysis
methods to define the participation of adenosine after severe
TBI in humans. If successful, these studies will set the stage
for a clinical trial, and provide important mechanistic information
on the role of adenosine after TBI in humans.
Role: PI |
NIH |
5MO1 RR00084-37 Fischer (PI) 12/1/99 – 11/30/04
General Clinical Research Center
The major goal of this project is to provide the clinical research
infrastructure for medical scientists who conduct patient-oriented
research related to disorders of infancy, childhood and adolescence.
The GCRC provides a valuable resource for the training of physicians
and medical students in clinical investigation, and becomes
the stimulus to direct outstanding young physicians toward a
career in clinical research.
Role: Co-PI |
NIH |
2P50NS30318-09A1 Marion (PI) 05/11/00 – 02/30/05
University of Pittsburgh Brain Trauma Research Center Project
3 iNOS & TBI
Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is a NOS isoform that
was initially speculated to play an important role in TBI. The
hypothesis of this proposal is that iNOS is expressed after
TBI and is a powerful endogenous neuroprotectant. Specific aims
are 1) Determine the time course, magnitude, and localization
of iNOS induction after TBI in both rats and mice. 2) Test whether
iNOS is an endogenous neuroprotectant after TBI, using both
iNOS inhibitors in rats and mice and iNOS KO mice. 3) Test in
both rats and mice if overexpression of iNOS by gene transfer
with an adenovirus-based vector is neuroprotective after TBI.
4) Determine in our models how iNOS confers its neuroprotective
effects. 5) Define, in humans with severe TBI, the global and
local production of NO, as assessed by nitrite and nitrate levels
in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brain interstitial fluid, respectively,
and determine the time course, magnitude, and cellular localization
of iNOS induction in human cerebral contusions.
Role: PI |
NIH |
2P50NS30318-09A1 Marion (PI) 05/11/00 – 02/30/05
University of Pittsburgh Brain Trauma Research Center Core C-Animal
Modeling and Outcome
In this Core, we will provide rat and mouse TBI modeling (Controlled
Cortical Impact model) functional outcome assessment (motor
and Morris water maze test) to projects 1-5 in the University
of Pittsburgh Brain Trauma Research Center program project grant
application.
Role: PI |
NIH |
1 T32 NS07485-02 Kochanek (PI) 09/25/00 – 04/30/05
Training in Pediatric Neurointensive Care and Resuscitation
Research
This postdoctoral program will train pediatric critical care
medicine, neurological surgery and neurology fellows in basic
and clinical research focused on neurointensive care and cerebral
resuscitation, thus establishing an important link between bedside
neurointensive care providers and senior scientific investigators.
The research focus of the trainees is on mechanisms of secondary
damage after two insults germane to pediatric neurointensive
care, namely, TBI and CA. The training program capitalizes on
the unique interaction that has developed between the CCM, neurosurgical,
and child neurology training programs at Children’s Hospital
of Pittsburgh and the Safar Center for Resuscitation Research.
Role: PI |
NIH/NIHCD |
1 K23 HD043843-01 Berger (PI) 4/01/03 – 3/31/08
Using Biochemical Markers to Detect Abusive Head Trauma
The goal of this grant is to determine whether serum biochemical
markers of brain injury can be used to detect abusive head trauma
in infants.
Role: Mentor |
NIH |
PENDING
CDC (Weiss) 09/01/03 – 08/30/08 10%
Improving the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Inflected Head Trauma
in Infants
Inflicted traumatic brain injury (iTBI) is a leading cause of
serious TBI in infants and young children. Diagnosing iTBI is
difficult, and misdiagnosis is common yet there are no established
diagnostic adjuncts to help physicians properly identify iTBI.
We have developed an international reputation for the study
of biochemical markers in both non-inflicted (n)TBI and iTBI.
In light of the exciting potential for this approach to lead
ultimately to a clinical breakthrough, we propose case-control
study evaluating the utility of novel biochemical markers in
the serum of infants at risk for iTBI as the centerpiece of
a collaborative project by our group. We will determine whether
biochemical markers can serve as diagnostic adjuncts in a high-risk
target population to identify potential infant victims of iTBI.
Role: PI of Project 1 |
CIRCL |
Current Research Interest:
- Traumatic brain injury in children and adults
- Traumatic brain injury experimental models
- Inflicted childhood neurotrauma/child abuse
- Cerebral resuscitation
- Combat casualty
- Hypothermia
- Neurointensive care
Publications:
- Kochanek PM, Berger RP, Jenkins LW: Biochemical
and molecular mechanisms after severe traumatic brain injury in
children: Contemporary studies from child abuse to proteomics
In: Yearbook of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2002, Vincent
JL (ed), Springer-Verlag, Berlin and Heidelberg, pp 688-698, 2002.
- Kochanek PM, Hendrich KS, Statler KD, Clark
RSB, Jenkins LW, Williams DS, Ho C, Marion DW: Ischemic mechanisms
in traumatic brain injury. In: Update in Intensive Care and Emergency
Medicine, Cerebral Blood Flow, Mechanisms of Ischemia, Diagnosis
and Therapy, Pinsky MR (ed), Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg,
New York, Section II, pp 60-71, 2002.
- Venkataraman ST, Carcillo JA, Hall MA, Ruppel
RA, Kochanek PM: Pediatric critical care: Selected aspects of
perioperative management of infants and children In: Critical
Care Medicine: Perioperative Management. Coursin DB, Murray, Prough
D, Pearl (eds), Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, Chapter
59, pp. 776-790, 2002.
- Safar PJ, Kochanek PM: Resuscitative hypothermia
after cardiac arrest. Invited editorial, N Engl J Med 346: 612-613,
2002.
- Clark RSB, Kochanek PM, Chen M, Watkins SC,
Marion DW, Chen J, Hamilton RL, Loeffert JE, Graham SH: Increases
in Bcl-2 and cleavage of caspase-1 and caspase-3 in human brain
after head injury. FASEB J 13:813-821, 1999.
- Marion DW, Penrod LE,
Kelsey SF, Obrist WD, Kochanek PM, Palmer AM, Wisniewski SR, DeKosky
ST: Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury With Moderate Hypothermia.
N Engl J Med 336:540-546, 1997.
Presentations at Major Meetings:
- The Hunt for Clues to the Next Breakthrough
in Resuscitation Research. Asmund S. Laerdal Memorial Lecture
at the 31st Critical Care Congress. January 26-30, 2002.
- Molecular Biology of Traumatic Brain Injury.
International symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine,
Brussels, Belgium, March 19-22, 2002.
- How to Protect the Brain. International Symposium
on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, Brussels, Belgium, March
19-22, 2002.
- Strategies in Neurotrauma. International Symposium
on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, Brussels, Belgium, March
19-22, 2002.
- Cerebral Resuscitation. International Symposium
on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, Brussels, Belgium, March
19-22, 2002.
- Should Therapeutic Hypothermia in Brain Injury
be Tested in Clinical Trials? 2002 Trauma Care (ITACCS), Stavanger,
Norway, May 23-25, 2002.
- Is There a Clinical role for Therapeutic Hypothermia
in Neurotrauma? 2002 Trauma Care (ITACCS), Stavanger, Norway,
May 23-25, 2002.
- Pediatric Considerations. World Congress on
Drowning 2002, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, June 26-28, 2002.
- Mechanisms of secondary injury in pediatrics
as related to child abuse. EuroNeuro Meeting, Munich, Germany,
September 12-14, 2002.
- The Response of Neurons and Glial Cells to
Injury. 14th Annual Pediatric Critical Care Colloquium and Trauma
Conference, San Diego, California, October 2-5, 2002.
- The Physiopathology Basis for the Therapy of
Brain Injury. 14th Annual Pediatric Critical Care Colloquium and
Trauma Conference, San Diego, California, October 2-5, 2002.
- Pediatric Intensive Care Perspective. 14th
Annual Pediatric Critical Care Colloquium and Trauma Conference,
San Diego, California, October 2-5, 2002.
- Hypothermia Expands
Contusion Volume After Traumatic Brain Injury in Fentanyl-Anesthetized
Rats. 14th Annual Pediatric Critical Care Colloquium and Trauma
Conference, San Diego, California, October 2-5, 2002.
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